the oldest federal environmental protection law


Grand Old Partisan celebrates more than seventeen decades of Republican heroes and heroics. Today, I appreciate Republican dedication to protecting the environment. March 3rd 1899, President William McKinley signed into law the Rivers and Harbors Appropriations Act. It had been passed by the GOP-controlled 55th Congress.


Obstruction by debris of rivers and coastlines had become a serious problem. This legislation declared that "all waters subject to the ebb and flow of the tide (tidal action) are navigable waters of the United States."

Without a permit from the Army Corps of Engineers, nothing could be dumped in navigable waters. Without permission from Congress, no dam or bridge could be constructed in navigable waters.

Back to Basics for the Republican Party is my civil rights history of the GOP. To quote the book: "The more we Republicans know about the history of our party, the more Democrats will worry about the future of theirs. For more information, see www.grandoldpartisan.com. 

Here is a YouTube Video about this article.

Here is a TikTok Video about this article.

Here is an Instagram Video about this article.

Here is my Substack about this article.

Michael Zak is author of Back to Basics for the Republican Party, a history of GOP civil rights achievement.


Each day, his YouTube videos and TikTok videos and Rumble videos and Grand Old Partisan blog celebrate more than seventeen decades of Republican heroes and heroics. And, see Speech Raves for audience feedback from his presentations in thirty-one states.

Clarence Thomas cited Back to Basics for the Republican Party in a Supreme Court decision.

"This is the most amazing book about politics that I have ever read. The Overview should be required reading for anyone with even a minor interest in government. The remainder is an enthralling history lesson that I will never forget. For years, we have all been misled about the true nature of the GOP. This is the real deal! Read it and be proud!"

"Your book is a national treasure. I'm always recommending it."

"Michael Zak wrote the definitive history of the GOP."

"Back to Basics for the Republican Party is the most significant contribution to the Republican Party in the last twenty years apart from Ronald Reagan."

"Back to Basics for the Republican Party is more important to our party now than ever before."

and

"one of the best books I ever read"

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